Critical Risk LevelForever Chemicals

PFAS in Drinking Water in Pennsylvania

What residents of Pennsylvania need to know about PFAS ("forever chemicals") in drinking water — including contamination sources, which utilities have documented violations, and how to filter PFAS from tap water.

Source: EPA SDWIS, Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, CDC · Last reviewed: 2025-01-01

Quick Answer

Is PFAS in drinking water a real concern in Pennsylvania?

Yes — Pennsylvania has widespread PFAS contamination from multiple military installations, industrial sources, and legacy manufacturing. Willow Grove Naval Air Station (now a Guard base), Horsham Air Guard Station, and the former Naval Air Warfare Center Warminster are among the most significant sources, directly contaminating drinking water for tens of thousands of Montgomery and Bucks County residents north of Philadelphia.

Where does PFAS come from in Pennsylvania?

The cluster of former military installations in southeastern Pennsylvania — Horsham Air Guard Station, former Willow Grove NAS, and the former Warminster Naval Air Warfare Center — have contaminated groundwater for a wide swath of Montgomery and Bucks counties. PFAS-contaminated water has been detected in multiple public water systems and private wells in these densely populated Philadelphia suburbs. Additional contamination sources include industrial sites in the Reading/Allentown corridor and Pittsburgh's industrial west.

What should Pennsylvania residents know?

The Philadelphia suburban contamination belt in Montgomery and Bucks counties is one of the most significant military PFAS impacts on a civilian population in the U.S. Multiple water utilities — Horsham Water and Sewer Authority, Warminster Municipal Authority, Warrington Township, and others — have documented PFAS contamination and installed treatment or switched sources. Pennsylvania DEP has been actively engaged with affected utilities and the Navy on remediation funding.

Key Facts

EPA MCL (PFOA/PFOS)4 ppt — effective April 2024
MCLGZero
Primary contamination sourcesHorsham ANG, former Willow Grove NAS, former Warminster NAWC (all Montgomery/Bucks counties)
Scale of impactHundreds of thousands of residents in Philadelphia suburbs served by contaminated water systems
State regulatorPennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PA DEP)
Treatment statusMultiple PA utilities have installed GAC treatment — funded partly by federal remediation programs
Health effectsCancer (kidney, testicular), thyroid disruption, immune effects, developmental toxicity
Effective treatmentGAC (installed at multiple SE Pennsylvania utilities) or RO for household use

Why PFAS Matters in Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania's southeastern PFAS crisis is one of the most consequential in the nation. The former military installations north of Philadelphia — Horsham, Willow Grove, and Warminster — have contaminated groundwater for communities with a combined population of hundreds of thousands. Some utilities have detected PFAS at levels many times the EPA's new 4 ppt MCL. The Navy has been engaged in remediation discussions and has provided some funding for treatment installation, though advocates argue the response has been insufficient. This cluster of contaminated communities became a focal point in national advocacy for PFAS regulation and has been cited repeatedly in Congressional hearings.

Historical Context

The Horsham/Warminster cluster became one of the most visible PFAS contamination crises in the country after local residents and advocates documented contaminated well water and organized to demand federal action. Community groups in these Philadelphia suburbs were instrumental in advocating for EPA's PFAS MCL rulemaking and congressional PFAS legislation.

Pennsylvania PFAS Regulation

Pennsylvania DEP participates in UCMR5 monitoring and has assessed PFAS at Willow Grove NAS (now closed), the Horsham/Warminster area (one of the most extensively documented civilian PFAS crises nationally), and multiple other bases. The Horsham area — north of Philadelphia — had drinking water wells contaminated by AFFF from Willow Grove and Horsham Air Guard Station, affecting tens of thousands of residents. Pennsylvania does not have a state MCL more protective than federal but has an active PFAS investigation program.

Largest Pennsylvania Water Utilities

No PFAS violations on record in EPA SDWIS for Pennsylvania utilities in our database. Browse the largest utilities to review their full water quality record.

What Are PFAS (“Forever Chemicals”)?

PFAS are a family of over 12,000 synthetic chemicals used in non-stick cookware, stain-resistant fabrics, food packaging, and AFFF firefighting foam. Their carbon-fluorine bonds do not break down in the environment or the body — hence the name “forever chemicals.” AFFF used at military bases is the single largest source of PFAS in U.S. drinking water.

Full PFAS overview — national data, health effects, all 50 states

Who Should Pay Closest Attention

Residents of Horsham Township, Warminster Township, Warrington Township, and surrounding Bucks and Montgomery county communities served by utilities that draw from PFAS-contaminated groundwater face the highest documented risk. Private well users in southeastern Pennsylvania near these former military installations should test immediately.

Residents near military bases with AFFF use history

Private well owners near military or industrial sites

Pregnant residents and families with young children

Residents in communities with documented PFAS detections

Anyone who has consumed water above 4 ppt for an extended period

Residents near airports, fire training areas, or industrial manufacturers

How to Check Your Situation in Pennsylvania

  1. 1

    Identify your water utility using the ZIP lookup below or by browsing the Pennsylvania utility directory on this site.

  2. 2

    Review your utility's Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) — it must report PFAS monitoring results under UCMR5 and the new MCL.

  3. 3

    Check the EPA's ECHO database for your utility's monitoring history. Look for PFAS, PFOA, PFOS, and related compound results.

  4. 4

    Contact your utility directly and ask for their most recent PFAS test results and whether they are implementing treatment under the 2024 MCL.

  5. 5

    If you use a private well near a military base, airport, or industrial facility, order a PFAS panel test from a state-certified laboratory. Tests typically cost $150–$400.

  6. 6

    If PFAS is detected above 4 ppt in your source water, install a certified NSF/ANSI 58 reverse osmosis system or an NSF/ANSI 53-certified activated carbon filter rated for PFAS removal.

How to Remove PFAS from Tap Water

Boiling concentrates PFAS. Standard pitcher filters and water softeners do not remove PFAS. Always verify NSF certification before purchasing.

Take Action Now

1

Look up your Pennsylvania utility's PFAS monitoring history on the PFAS Watchlist below.

2

If your utility has detected PFAS above 4 ppt, install an NSF/ANSI 58-certified reverse osmosis system at your drinking tap.

3

Private well owners near military or industrial sites should order a PFAS panel test ($150–$400 at a state-certified lab).

4

Request your utility's most recent Consumer Confidence Report — PFAS results must be disclosed under the new 2024 MCL.

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Pages

Data Sources & Provenance

All data on this page is sourced from official U.S. government or public datasets.

EPA — PFAS Drinking Water RegulationView source
EPA — Final PFAS National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (April 2024)View source
CDC — PFAS and Your HealthView source
EPA SDWIS — Violation and Compliance DataView source
EWG PFAS Contamination MapView source
Last updated: 2025-01-01
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